Since the addiction of Caiying and other guests to gambling and chess had impeded undertakings, the unsatisfied prince of
Sunquan, namely Sunhe, ordered Zhongshuzi Weiyao (the same as Weizhao) and other scholars to write articles to change the situation.
On Gambling and Chess written by Weiyao describes the Confucian ways of cultivating moral character and maintains that the addition to gambling and chess will not only impede undertakings, but do harm to moral. The advocation of orthodox Confucian concepts of entertainment indicates that the second generation of the Wu Kingdom turned to have a refined taste. The ruling groups of the kingdom were of humble birth and were not greatly influenced by the Confucian ethics. They advocated secular entertainment and appeared to be showy in behavior. Cultural progress of the new generation inevitably gave rise to the conflict of the secular and refined practices. Moreover, those who indulged themselves to secular pleasure were northerners and their offspring migrating to the lower reaches of Yangtse River in the late period of the Han Dynasty. The local aristocrats otherwise were strict with themselves. “On Gamb- ling and Chess” also shows the practical difference between migratory and original aristocrats. The main reason is that the
migratory aristocrats were separated from the natives and relatively less limited by public opinions. Those who wanted to be officials were much dependent on the imperial power of the kingdom. The original Confucian aristocrats were to the contrary.