The current Chinese constitution stipulates that the
National People’s
Congress, among all state
organs, is the national
sovereign authority. The essence of the construction of the NPC is to establish the authority of the NPC, enabling the four sovereign powers-legislative power, franchise, decision making and
supervision-to become the real
Sovereign power to control and restrict the national administrative organs, the adjudicatory organs, and the prosecuting authorities. On the other hand, to avoid abuse of the sovereignty of the NPC, a supervision mechanism must be established with the leadership of the Party at the core. The Party’s supervision over the NPC is the major form of supervision the
public can exert on the congress-supervision of the public takes on the form of an organizational supervision featuring the Party’s leadership, and thus become a supervision under the leadership of the powerful proletarian party armed with advanced ideological theories. Such supervision not only helps the NPC better implement its sovereignty, but also forms a virtuous mechanism of power control and restriction where supervision runs from the public to the NPC, from the NPC to other state organs, from these other state organs to the NPC, and the then back to the public. This makes possible the socialist civilization of’rule by law’ with Chinese characteristics.
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