Threeyear field experiments were conducted from 1999 to 2002 to evaluate winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield, nitrogen
efficiency (NE) including nitrogen efficiency ratio (NER),
nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE),nitrogen use efficiency (NUE),and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NfUE)as influenced by a new
coated urea as CRF. Results show that both coated urea and common urea treatments produce significantly higher biomass, grain, and straw yields, and higher NUE and nitrogen fertilizer recovery rate than the control test. The maximum yield and nitrogen(N) efficiency were observed in the treatment of coated urea in the three years. On average, the grain, straw, and biomass yield of coated urea treatment is 9.09%～15.06%, 13.11%～14 96%,and 11.73%～14.99% higher than those of common urea respectively. The coated urea not only results in higher yield, but nitrogen fertilizer recovery rate (NfUE)of the treatment is 16.50%～68.72% more than that of common urea treatment. Compared to normal dosage of N fertilization (150 kgN/hm 2), insufficient amount increase of N fertilizer (8% increase) does not affect both yield and NE. However, sufficient amount increase of N fertilizer (20% higher)can resulf in significant increase of yield, N uptake and N fertilizer recovery rate( NfUE) under the experiment condition.