Reasoning with Monarch by Means of Ballad Enlightening by Education with the Aid of Passing on Singi

Xun Kuang's 《Chenxiang pian - An Album of Poetry Accompanied with Instrument》 was the first ancestor of the genre of popular Chinese literature in both verse and prose.《Chenxiang pian》 was written in form of folk ballad,one movement consisting of six verses.Its "fourcharacter antithesis" in common use was a forerunner of literati's applying antithesis to poetry.The application of the form of long and short verse and technique of antithesis to it had a great influence upon Han songs with accompaniment,Song Ci,Yuan Songs and folk literature of talking and singing in later periods.《Chen xiang pian》 was divided into three paragraphs.In the first one "chaos" was regarded as its core,narrating the cause of resulting in chaos first and then discussing the way to bring order out of chaos;People recalled the former happiness in the year of great "order" due to sufferings in the "chaos" at present in the second one;The third one was the core of 《Chenxiang pian》,which put forward the general plan for a monarch to administer a country and bring order out of chaos,and described the society of great order.