From " the country system " established in the Zhou Dynasty thousands years ago,it experienced many forms,such as " the country
government system "," the duty service system "," the
autonomous system " and " the political party system ",and so on.During this time the reform had been continued or broken,attached importance or neglected,inherited or innovated,which mostly performed for such regional,patriarchal,autonomous,scattered,non-syntactic features.From now on,no country has such frequent and chaotic disorder change in the villages and towns political power as China in the world.Under the socialist market economic system,the
villages and towns reform's essence and key point are to solve the problems,such as the party politics and the government politics mutually overlapping,the state power and the peasant autonomous mutually seeping," the regulations " and " the block " mutually dividing," the governance " and " the property rights " mutually coming apart,and so on.The general goals of the reform are to establish the highly effective countryside administration system and the supplies system of the public product,to improve the level of the rural social management and service.