India is an agricultural nation. Majority of the people are villagers. They are engaged in agriculture and village industries. The development of the country is basically the development of them. That is why Mahatma Gandhi advised the nation to raise the living standard of the villagers to a commendable position. Gandhiji told that villagers are the back bone of India and the development of villagers is the development of the country. While advising so Mahatmaji dreamt of a bright future of the farmers of this country. We designed the first 5 year plan according to the wishes of Mahatmaji but due to the deficit in growth rate the dream could not be fulfilled. The farmers were not at all satisfied with the aids provided to them. Even though we have achieved the goal of eradication of poverty by increasing production of food grains like wheat, rice corn etc.We could not make agriculture economically viable irritably the farmers were faced the problem of non availability of fertilizers and seeds. The quality control has hereby not provided throughout India and the food grains could not be kept been properly observed and thus the production was very low. Low quality food grains were ruined easily. Storage facility was not been without being attacked by insects. The system was changed rapidly and we could produce good quality seeds and fertilizers and the increase the production considerably. The food corporation of India has formed and the storage facilities were various provided extensively throughout India. The momentum we have gathered at the initial time has lost gradually and the agriculture has become uneconomical. The beginning of crisis started at this stage in the agricultural sector. The policy of import substitution was introduced to cop up with the the situation. Plantation crops, food grains and other commercial crops were extensively cultivated in India. The result was alarming in production wise but it was disappointing in economy wise. Farmers were not received good returns from agriculture. Investment has grown up since price of fertilizers, seeds; labor charges, etc were increased. The farmers didn’t receive the price for their crops at par with the said increase. Production cost and the market price of the produced crops have become imbalanced and the balance of economy in the agriculture sector was shattered. This is the main crisis in the agriculture sector which could not be sorted out effectively. The govt. was forced to wave the agriculture loan of farmers. Now the farmers are facing many problems. The problems of farmers in different states are different. Farmers of Kerala are facing the problem of low cost to their crops. Labor charges were increased alarmingly. The production of crops is not commandable.The plantation crops were not getting adequate market.
Planters of rubber, coffee, tea and spices are also facing loss. The rubber production has increased following the advent of new generation of plants which can produce more yields. But the rubber from malaise is cheaper than the Indian rubber. The govt. is forced to import rubber from malasia and rubber products from foreign countries. The Indian farmers find it difficult to find out market for their raw rubber. The production cost is high in Kerala.It is only an example of the shattered economy in the case of rubber in the agriculture sector. In world market many crops are cheaper than that available in indigenous market. The treaty of GATT also affected us a lot. We are forced to import certain product of foreign countries. Export govt promotion is done by import substitution also costs us. Since the money value of Indian currency is low the policy of import Substitution affect us much adversily.Indigeneous products are getting low price while imported goods costs more. The GATT treaty has caused to loss the patent of our own products like spices (eg. Turmeric) and and herbs. The globalization policy is also making hazard to Indian agriculture sector. Can the agriculture sector be uplifted by the present policy of the? Lot of loan facilities are being declared by the govt.Minimum price was set up for various products. Occasionally the agriculture loans are being waved off but all these measures alone couldn’t save the country and the farmers. What could be done to save the agriculture sector from this integration? The crisis of agriculture sector can be categorized as man made, policy made and that made up due to eventuality. The man made crisis are basically due to the low standard of seeds, fertilizers increase in labor charges and lack of facilities forirrigation,storage,electricity etc.All this can be redressed by taking adequate measures periodically. Low price, on availability of market, presence of foreign products, import substitution etc are the policy made crisis. This cannot be redressed in an easy way at present. This needs a wide level discussion with other countries which have bilateral relation with us in the agriculture and commercial sector. The policy should be designed in such a way that the agriculture product should get good and adequate price.