Life review is the act or process of recalling memories, a detailed and systematic account of life. The retrieval and reconstruction of various memories is referred to as reminiscence.
Reminiscence is the examination of our thoughts and feelings, an unplanned general
recall of past events. Reminiscence links the past to the present transmitting cultural heritage and preserving family history. It provides a sense of
coherence and
continuity while encouraging sociability and feelings of self worth by reflecting and reassessing life and achievements
Reminiscence is an important part of aging promoting mental and emotional well-being and helps fight against isolation,
depression and loneliness. You can help someone to reminisce by being a sensitive and caring listener. Reminiscing need not be accurate or in order. A
memory can elicit another that doesn’t appear to be related. The listener should keep the conversation moving focusing on feelings surrounding events, not the events themselves.
Triggers for reminiscing are things that initiate memories, like words, objects and music. Using open-ended questions can help start a conversation. Use triggers that appeal to the senses like the smell of cinnamon or the feel of a stuffed animal. Photographs, historical events, family occasions like birthdays and weddings, are all possible triggers for reminiscing.
If you want to help someone reminisce be sure to listen actively and make eye contact. By leaning slightly forward, nodding your head, and not interrupting, you let the person know that they have your attention. Ask follow-up questions and restate key points to clarify what was said. Keep the conversation focused on the person reminiscing and what they have to say. If memories evoke tears, allow the emotion, it’s normal.
Sometimes a person can get stuck on one memory. Avoid repetitive memories by helping the person find the real meaning behind the memory, resolving it and getting past the event. You can do this by asking questions like: How did you feel at the time? Who else was present at the time? How did they react to you? What else was gong on at the time? Did anything happen as a result of this event?
Using positive trigger questions is another way to avoid repetitive memories. Some examples of positive triggers are: What was your favorite game as a child? What was the happiest birthday you can remember? What was the best present you ever received?
Reminiscing can take place at home, family gatherings, nursing homes, and a variety of other situations. It is a positive activity for both the speaker and the listener.
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