Adolescence is known as the search for the essence of personal identity development. Everyone has experience as a teenager. What to watch to understand adolescent development? As for the aspects that influence it are as follows:
Family
There is a continuous relationship with the parents as adolescents move toward and gain autonomy. In
the last decade, researchers began to explore the role of the
development of strong attachment (secure attachment), and related
concepts such as attachment to parents in adolescent development. They
believe that attachment to parents in adolescence can help social
competence and social well-being of adolescents, as reflected in traits
such as self esteem, emotional adjustment, and physical health (Allen,
et al, 1994; Kobak & Cole, in a press release; Kobak, et al, 1993; Onishi & Gjerde, 1994).
Peers (peer group)
According
to Santrock, et.al (1995:44) is a collection of adolescent peer group
peer who has a close relationship and interdependence.
Interest groups to become part of the process of growing and developing in a natural in adolescence. What
is meant here is not just a regular group, but rather a group that has a
specific orientation, values, norms and agreements that specifically
applies only in the group. Or the so-called gang. Such groups typically have peer age or it could be called a peer group.
Popularity among peers is a powerful motivator for most children and adolescents. Advances
in cognitive development during middle and late childhood and early
adolescence also allows them to take the perspective of their peers and
their friends more quickly, and their social knowledge of how to create
and maintain friends increased.
According to Camarena, et.al. 1991 (Santrock, 1995:44) says that conformity with the pressure of peers in adolescence can be positive or negative. Generally, teenagers are involved in all forms of negative behavior conformity. However,
many peer conformity is not negative, and consists of a desire to be
involved in the world of peers, such as dressing like a friend-Ternan
and the desire to spend time with members of a click.
During
adolescence, especially early adolescence, we are following the
standards of their peers than we did in childhood: The researchers
(Berndt et al 1979) have found that in grade eight and nine, conformity
to a friend peer-Ternan
particularly with their anti-social standards and peaked at grade 11
and 12 teenagers show signs of developing decision-making style is more
free from the influence of parents and peers. (Santrock, 2003:222)
In adolescence, we begin to develop thinking skills. We no longer swallow the parents talk. We begin to think critically, expand relationships, and turned to peers who understand our emotions. When your friends can appreciate and accept us as we are, arises a sense of fun if you are among them. Do not be surprised if we spent more time with friends than family. As
described by Hurlock (1980:213) because more teenagers are out of the
house along with peers as a group, then it is understandable that the
influence of peers on attitudes, speech, interests, appearance, and
behavior of greater influence than the effect of family.
Understanding of Peer Pressure
"Peer
Pressure" is the social pressure of a community, which requires a
person to act and think in a certain way, so that he can be accepted by
the community.
Pressure to follow their peers to be very strong in adolescence (Santrock, 2003:221)