Psychology /camill eb. wortman elizabeth f. loftus
Frederick herzberg , apsycholo gist , who has done much research on job satisfaction and develoed anumber of condition on whis satisfaction is based . he distinguished between those facrors in the work situation that are unlikely to motivate employees (hygiene factor) and those that tend to motivate employees (motivation) . in essence he state that the hygiene rewacd satisfy what are commonly known as lower order need , whereas the motivation satisfy higher order need .
Herzberg identified the following group as hygiene factors (the organization policy and administration , technical supervision, salary , inter personal relation and working condition) as these factors as motivator (achievement , recognition , the work itself , responsibility and advancement ) .
He measures satisfier and dissatisfier in term of frequency with which they appear and the duration during which they produce either asignificant improvement or reduction in job satisfaction .
The five hygiene factors are environmental .
When they are at an un acceptable level , dissatisfaction will occur . When they are at an acceptable level , satisfaction result . when hygiene factors are negative or lacking , they are considered to be dissatisfire , even when they are positive and appropriate , these factor don’t tend to are satisfire . this however doesnt mean that these factor are un important , they are essential because their fulfillment or absence is either satisfying or dissatisfying . by providing these factor at the proper level this keep employees from being dissatisfied, becauce they are truly motivate people .
Human motivation is based on ahierarchyof needs . the individual strives for growth , development of inmer resources and autonomy (mcgregor 1960 , maslow 1970 , Knowles 1973 , schein 1980 ). The importance of psyehological model by hachman and Oldham (1975,1976,1985) .